Scientific Name:

The scientific name of the orange spotted filefish is Oxymonacanthus longirostris.

Physical Description:

The orange spotted filefish is a small, elongated fish known for its distinctive coloration and unique body shape. It typically grows to about 10-15 centimeters (approximately 4-6 inches) in length. The body is slender and laterally compressed, with a long snout that it uses to feed on coral polyps. Its coloration is striking, featuring a light blue to green background covered with numerous bright orange spots. These spots are evenly distributed across the body and extend onto the fins. The fish also has a prominent dorsal spine at the front of its dorsal fin, which can be raised or lowered. The fins are relatively small and translucent, contributing to its streamlined appearance.

Habitat:

The orange spotted filefish is found in tropical and subtropical waters of the Indo-Pacific region, including the Red Sea, East Africa, the Great Barrier Reef, and various Pacific islands. It inhabits coral reefs, lagoons, and reef slopes, typically at depths ranging from 1 to 20 meters (approximately 3 to 65 feet). This species is closely associated with coral-rich environments, where it relies on specific types of coral for food and shelter.

Three Interesting Facts:

1. Diet Specialization: The orange spotted filefish has a highly specialized diet, feeding almost exclusively on coral polyps, particularly those of Acropora species. Its long snout and small mouth are perfectly adapted for picking out individual polyps. This specialization makes it highly dependent on healthy coral reefs, and it can be particularly vulnerable to coral bleaching and reef degradation.

2. Camouflage and Mimicry: The bright coloration and pattern of the orange spotted filefish help it blend in with its coral surroundings, providing effective camouflage against predators. Additionally, its coloration and behavior closely mimic the appearance of certain coral species, making it less conspicuous to both predators and prey.

3. Pair Bonding: Orange spotted filefish are often observed in pairs, which is relatively uncommon among reef fish. These pairs are usually monogamous and maintain a close association, swimming and feeding together. This strong pair bond is believed to play a role in their reproductive strategy, as well as providing mutual protection and increasing foraging efficiency.